Benzalkonium chloride

Benzalkonium chloride dissociates into cationic active groups in aqueous solution, which have the functions of cleanliness and sterilization. It is widely used for disinfection of skin and surgical instruments, sterilization, antisepsis, emulsification, descaling, solubilization and other aspects in medical operations. It is also a leveling agent for cationic dyes to dye acrylic fibers.

Synthesis of dodecyl bromide from dodecanol, followed by reaction with dimethylamine to obtain dimethyl dodecylamine hydrobromide, and finally reacting with benzyl chloride to obtain benzalkonium chloride. The synthesis of dodecyl bromide involves heating dodecanol to 100 ℃ and introducing dry hydrogen bromide. After the reaction, use water method to remove the remaining hydrogen bromide in the reactants, and then treat with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mix the generated dodecyl bromide with equal volume of 50% methanol and add 25% ammonia solution until phenolphthalein undergoes alkaline reaction. Wash the lower layer with 50% methanol, dry with calcium chloride, filter, vacuum distill, and collect the 134-136 ℃ (0.8kPa) fraction to obtain. The yield is 87%. 2. The synthesis of dimethyl dodecylamine hydrobromide involves dissolving dodecyl bromide in a slightly excess solution of dimethylamine and maintaining it at room temperature for 13-15 days to obtain dimethyl dodecylamine hydrobromide. Dissolve it in ether, wash with water, extract with 5% HCl, salt with concentrated sodium hydroxide, dry at 111-114 ℃ (0.33kPa), and vacuum distill. The yield is 47%. 3. Synthesis of Benzalkonium Chloride: Take 213 parts of dimethyldodecylamine and add 126.5 parts of benzyl chloride at a temperature not exceeding 100-110 ℃. Heat at 120 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a light yellow viscous liquid, which is cooled to a solid. The yield is over 90%. This product has extremely low toxicity and no cumulative toxicity. The irritation to the skin and mucous membranes is minimal. Has no corrosive effect on metal, rubber, plastic and other containers.